This chapter includes
three main components, that-clauses, dependent clauses as nominal,
adjectival, and adverbial, and interrogative clauses.
Key Points about these three main topics:
That-Clauses: a nominal clause can be introduced by the complementizer word
that
The word that connects two clauses, it can turn a direct quotation into an indirect one
Differences between clauses
Nominal that-clause- pronoun can substitute for the clause, i.e. the word something/it, deleting complementizer that leaves a complete clause.
Adjectival Relative Clause-pronoun cannot substitute for the clause, deleting that leaves an incomplete clause or changes the meaning of the second clause.
Relative Clauses and Deletion Transformations: Appositives
Sometimes the subject relative pronoun and the be verb can be deleted without changing the meaning of a sentence.
Ex “Mr. H, <s>who was</s> my biology teacher, secretly studies Egyptian”
also makes sense as “Mr. H, my biology teacher, secretly studies Egyptian”
*more detailed explanation on these transformations and diagramming on pgs 338-344
Its difficult to summarize this section- I would say it was the most difficult section for me to grasp. These concepts made more sense for me when listening to Dr. Tuzi explain it in his podcast. This section was probably the most confusing for me. There are just so many ways to re-write the sentences, that I just don’t understand the point to it. But hopefully I’ll get a grasp as I continue to re-read and discuss the chapter with other people.
Interrogative Clauses
-These begin with interrogative words such as who, which , what, why when, where, and how.
Nominal that-clause- pronoun can substitute for the clause, i.e. the word something/it, deleting complementizer that leaves a complete clause.
Adjectival Relative Clause-pronoun cannot substitute for the clause, deleting that leaves an incomplete clause or changes the meaning of the second clause.
Relative Clauses and Deletion Transformations: Appositives
Sometimes the subject relative pronoun and the be verb can be deleted without changing the meaning of a sentence.
Ex “Mr. H, <s>who was</s> my biology teacher, secretly studies Egyptian”
also makes sense as “Mr. H, my biology teacher, secretly studies Egyptian”
*more detailed explanation on these transformations and diagramming on pgs 338-344
Its difficult to summarize this section- I would say it was the most difficult section for me to grasp. These concepts made more sense for me when listening to Dr. Tuzi explain it in his podcast. This section was probably the most confusing for me. There are just so many ways to re-write the sentences, that I just don’t understand the point to it. But hopefully I’ll get a grasp as I continue to re-read and discuss the chapter with other people.
Interrogative Clauses
-These begin with interrogative words such as who, which , what, why when, where, and how.
-Function: fills noun phrase position in the sentence (subject, object, complement, object of preposition)
-Test: the clause can be changed into a WH-question by substituting
what for the dependent clause. It or something can substitute for the entire clause.
Question: For the homework from exercise 11.4, how would you (meaning anyone who reads my summary) classify the second sentence?
Question: For the homework from exercise 11.4, how would you (meaning anyone who reads my summary) classify the second sentence?
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